C++ gained popularity in late 90s, whereas Java and Python started to appear in the counts in late 90s. It clearly reflects that Pascal remained dominant FPL for a whole decade (1990s), while Ada and Modula-2 remained consistent during this time. A summarized list of number of universities using a particular language as FPL at different times has been presented in Table 1, which has been compiled by getting data from. Later on, this list has been updated till 2006 by Frances Van Scoy, and lately another version of this list has been compiled. During the 1990s, Professor Richard Reid of Michigan State University has been maintaining a list of the languages used as FPL by various different universities and institutes. The literature survey reveals that many different programming languages have been used as FPL. Purpose of the first course in computer programming is to provide conceptual knowledge to the beginners for “understanding the fundamental programming constructs” in such a way that they should be able to program a given problem. The selection of a programming language for an introductory course of computer programming has always been pivotal as well as contentious, such a language is generally referred to as First Programming Language (FPL). Lastly, we have also evaluated the conformance of the widely used FPLs to the proposed framework, and have also computed their suitability scores.Ĭomputer programming holds a central importance in the computing curricula. Furthermore, based on the proposed framework we have devised a customizable scoring function to compute a quantitative suitability score for a language, which reflects its conformance to the proposed framework. In this article, we have proposed a framework to evaluate the existing imperative, and object oriented languages for their suitability as an appropriate FPL. Many efforts have been made for designing a good FPL, however, there is no ample way to evaluate and compare the existing languages so as to find the most suitable FPL. Though the selection of an appropriate FPL is very important, yet it has been a controversial issue in the presence of many choices. The pool of programming languages has been evolving with the development of new languages, and from this pool different languages have been used as FPL at different times. Several programming languages have been used to teach the first course in computer programming, and such languages are referred to as first programming language (FPL). Computer programming is the core of computer science curriculum.
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